Arvind Panagariya

        Arvind Panagariya is a Professor of Economics and Co-director, Center for International Economics, University of Maryland at College Park.  He holds a Ph.D. degree in Economics from Princeton University.  In the past he has served as the Chief Economist of the Asian Development Bank and also advised the World Bank, IMF, WTO, and UNCTAD in various capacities. 

       Professor Panagariya has written or edited more than half dozen books including The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements, 1996, AEI Press (with Jagdish Bhagwati), The Global Trading System and Developing Asia, 1997, Oxford University Press (with M.G. Quibria and N. Rao), and Lectures on International Trade, 1998, MIT Press (with J. Bhagwati and T.N. Srinivasan).  A collection of his essays on regionalism has appeared recently under the title Regionalism in Trade Policy: Essays on Preferential Trading, 1999, World Scientific Press.

       Professor Panagariya has written extensively on trade reforms in developing countries.  He is the founding editor of the Journal of Policy Reform, which he edited with Dani Rodrik during 1996-2001.  He is currently an Associate Editor of Economics and Politics.  His technical papers have appeared in the American Economic Review, Quarterly journal of Economics, Review of Economic Studies, Journal of International Economics, and International Economic Review while his policy papers have appeared in the World Economy, Journal of International Affairs and Finance and Development. He writes a monthly column in the Economic Times, India’s top financial daily.  He has also written guest columns in the Financial Times, Hindu, India Today and Outlook.

Arvind Panagariya

I.       Personal Information

1.      Address:                            Professor and Co-director

Center for International Economics

Department of Economics

University of Maryland

College Park MD  20742-7211

U.S.A.

2. Office Phone               (301) 405-3546

3. Office Fax                   (301) 405-7835

4. Email:                           panagari@econ.umd.edu

5. Web page:                   http://www.bsos.umd.edu/econ/ciepanag.htm

1.  Ph.D. in Economics Princeton University, 1978 (Fields: International Economics and Development Economics)

2.  M.A. in Economics, Rajasthan University, India, 1973; and B.A., Rajasthan University, India, 1971

1. Chief Economist, Asian Development Bank (April-December, 2001).

2. Member, Independent Taskforce on South Asia and India (jointly coordinated by CFR and Asia Society). The taskforce offers policy advice to the U.S. government at the highest level.

3. V.K.R.V. Rao Endowment Professor, 2002-2004, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore, India.

4. India Policy Papers, This new journal is at proposal stage currently to be launched jointly by the Brookings Institution and the National Council for Applied Economic Research and is to be patterned after the Brooking Papers on Economic Activity. I have been invited to edit the journal with Barry Bosworth of Brookings.

5. Member, Chief Minister’s Economic Advisory Council, State of Chathisgarh, India.

6. Policy Advice in India: I have been consulted directly by the Minister of Commerce and Industry, India on India’s future trade reform, strategy towards the WTO negotiations and response to the proposals for free trade areas from several of India’s trade partners. I also participated in the key trade policy loan mission of the World Bank in 1993.

7. Television Appearances: on CNN (Asia), CNBC (Asia), Reuters TV (Asia) and Jim Lehrer Newshour [alongside Charlene Barshefsky, Mickey Kantor, Tom Hayden and Fred Bergsten on the post-Seattle analysis (December 6, 1999)].

8. Monthly Newspaper Column: Since June, 1999, I have been writing a monthly column in the Economic Times, the Indian equivalent of the Wall Street Journal with a circulation of approximately half million. A variety of policy issues including exit policy, reform of bureaucracy, electronic commerce, negotiating issues in the next WTO round, and consensus building during policy reform have been covered. The column has been most influential and is widely read.

9. Guest Columns in India Today and Outlook: I have written invited guest columns in India’s two leading weekly news magazines, India Today (February 19, 2001) and Outlook (December 17, 2001).

10. Policy Writings: I have been writing policy papers in a number of different areas for several years. The papers are listed in Section VII.D to VII.H below. My writings on trade policy reforms have been particularly influential in changing the thinking among Indian policy makers.

11. Lectures: On my frequent visits to India, I have given public lectures in the major cities including New Delhi, Bangalore, Madras and Jaipur. Often these lectures have led to newspaper stories in the national and local press. In the U.S., I have given keynote addresses at conferences on India held at the University of Michigan and George Washington University, given lectures at SAIS, IMF, invited sessions at the American Economic Association meetings, and given briefing to the Deputy Secretary of Treasury, Ken Dam.

12. Consulting on a variety of development policy issues with the World Bank, World Trade Organization, Asian Development Bank and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.

1. Professor, Department of Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD (1989-todate), Associate Professor (1983-89) and Assistant Professor (!978-83).

2. Chief Economist, Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines (April – December 2001; appointed to a three-year term but resigned early due to family reasons).

3. V.K.R.V. Rao Endowment Professor, 2002-2004, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore, India.

4. June 1989-August 1993: Senior Economist (June 1989-March 1993) and Principal Economist (March 1989-August 1993), World Bank, Washington, D.C., 20433. (On leave from the University of Maryland)

5. July 1973 - August 1974: Lecturer, Rajasthan University, Jaipur, India

6. Visiting Scholar at the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and UNCTAD and Director of a major research project for the Asian Development Bank.

1. Editor, Journal of Policy Reform, Harwood Academic Press (1996-2001)

2. Associate Editor, Economics and Politics (1999-present)

3. Board of Editors, Journal of Policy Reform, Harwood Academic Press (2001-to-date)

1. The World Bank Research Committee, July 1991- April 1993, "Commodity Exports and Real Income in Africa," $131,500 (with Maurice Schiff).

2. The World Bank Research Committee, January 1992 - June 1992, "New Dimensions in Regional Integration," $54,000 (with Jaime de Melo).

3. The National Council for Soviet and East European Research, June 15, 1988 - June 14, 1989. $50,000.

4. Faculty Research Award of the General Research Board, University of Maryland (1981).

5. Faculty Research Award of the General Research Board, University of Maryland (1979).

1. Regionalism in Trade Policy: Essays on Preferential Trading, Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co., November 1999.

2. New Dimensions in Regional Integration, ed. (with Jaime de Melo), Cambridge University Press, 1993.

3. The New Regionalism in Trade Policy, (with Jaime de Melo), World Bank, 1992, short booklet.

4. The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements, ed. (with J. Bhagwati), Washington, D.C.: AEI Press, November 1996.

5. The Global Trading System and Developing Asia (with M.G. Quibria and Narhari Rao), ed., Hong Kong: Oxford University Press for the Asian Development Bank, December 1997.

6. Lectures on International Trade (with J. Bhagwati and T.N. Srinivasan), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, September 1998.

7. Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements (edited with J. Bhagwati and Pravin Krishna), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999.

8. Environmental and Public Economics. Essays in Honor of Wallace E. Oates (edited with Paul Portney and Robert Schwab), Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 1999.

1. "Variable Returns to Scale in Production and Patterns of Specialization," American Economic Review, March 1981, 221-230.

2. "Gains from Trade under Variable Returns to Scale, Commodity Taxation, Tariffs and Factor Market Distortions" (with J. Eaton), Journal of International Economics, November 1979, 481-501.

3. "Import Targets and the Equivalence of Optimal Tariff and Quota Structures," Canadian Journal of Economics, November 1980, 711-715.

4. "Quantitative Restrictions in International Trade under Monopoly," Journal of International Economics, February 1981, 15-31.

5. "Variable Returns to Scale in General Equilibrium Theory Once Again," Journal of International Economics, November 1980, 499-526.

6. "Tariff Policy under Monopoly in General Equilibrium," International Economic Review, February 1982, 143-156.

7. "Growth and Welfare in a Small, Open Economy" (with J. Eaton), Economica, November 1982, 409-419.

8. "Import Objective, Distortions, and Optimal Tax Structure: A Generalization," Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1983, 515-524.

9. "Variable Returns to Scale and the Heckscher-Ohlin and Factor Price Equalization Theorems," Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 1983, Vol. 119, 259-280.

10. "Trade and Factor Prices in a Model of Capital Utilization" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), Southern Economic Journal, 1984, Vol 50, 734-742.

11. "Smuggling, Trade and Price Disparity: A Crime Theoretic Approach" (with L. Martin), Journal of International Economics, November 1984, 201-217. (Lead Article)

12. "Capital Utilization and Factor Specificity" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), Review of Economic Studies, 1985, Vol. 52 311-329.

13. "The Harris-Todaro Model and Economies of Scale" (with Patricia Succar), Southern Economic Journal, April 1986, 984-998.

14. "Increasing Returns, Dynamic Stability, and International Trade," Journal of International Economics, 20, 1986, 43-63.

15. "Increasing Returns and the Specific-Factors Model," Southern Economic Journal, July 1986, 1-17. (Lead Article)

16. "Capital Utilization in the Heckscher-Ohlin Model" (with R. Betancourt and C. Clague), International Trade Journal, September 1987, 1-22. (Lead Article)

17. "A Theoretical Explanation of Some Stylized Facts of Economic Growth," Quarterly Journal of Economics, August 1988, 509-526.

18. "Excise-Tax Evasion: A Welfare cum Crime Theoretic Analysis" (with A.V.L. Narayana), Public Finance, 1988 Vol. 43, pp. 248-260.

19. "The Parallel Market in Centrally Planned Economies", Economics and Politics, July 1989, Vol. 1, 161-179.

20. "Excise Tax Evasion: Reply to Tower," (with A.V.L. Narayana), Public Finance 44, No. 3, 1989, 510-512.

21. "Temporary Trade Taxes, Welfare and the Current Account," (with Ramon Lopez), 1990, Economics Letters 33, 347-351.

22. "The Parallel Market in Centrally Planned Economies: A Dynamic Analysis," September 1990, Journal of Comparative Economics 14, 353-371.

23. "Indicative Planning in India: Discussion," December 1990, Journal of Comparative Economics 14, 736-742.

24. "Input Tariffs, Duty Drawbacks and Tariff Reforms," Journal of International Economics, February 1992, 132-147.

25. "Temporary Import and Export Quotas and the Current Account," (with Ramon Lopez), Journal of International Economics, November 1991, 371-381.

26. "Factor Mobility, Trade and Welfare: A North-South Analysis with Economies of Scale," Journal of Development Economics 39, 1992, 229-245.

27. "On the Theory of Piecemeal Tariff Reform: The Case of Pure Imported Intermediate Inputs," (with Ramon Lopez), American Economic Review, June, 1992, 615-625.

28. "Political Economy Arguments for a Uniform Tariff," International Economic Review, August 1993, 685-703.

29. "Can Revenue Maximizing Export Taxes Yield Higher Welfare than Welfare Maximizing Export Taxes?" (with Maurice Schiff), Economics Letters, 1994, Vol. 45, 79-84.

30. "A Political Economy Analysis of Free Trade Areas and Customs Unions," (with Ronald Findlay), in Robert Feenstra, Gene Grossman, and Douglas Irwin, eds., The Political Economy of Trade Reform, essays in honor of Jagdish Bhagwati, MIT Press, 1996. Reproduced as Chapter 17 in Bhagwati, J., P. Krishna and Arvind Panagariya, eds., Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999.

31. "Why and Why-Not of Uniform Tariffs," Economic Studies Quarterly, September 1994, 303-321.

32. "Explaining the Pattern of Factor Flows between the North and the South." Osaka Economic Papers 40, March 1991, 199-209.

33. "The Theory of Preferential Trade Agreements: Historical Evolution and Current Trends," (with Jagdish Bhagwati), American Economic Review, May 1996.

34. "The Meade Model of Preferential Trading: History, Analytics and Policy Implications," in Cohen, B.J., International Trade and Finance: New Frontiers for Research, Essays in Honor of Peter B. Kenen, Cambridge University Press, October 1997, 57-88. Reproduced as chapter 2 in Bhagwati, J., P. Krishna and Arvind Panagariya, eds., Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999.

35. "Preferential Trading and Capital Mobility," (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput) Eastern Economic Journal 22, No. 4, Fall 1996.

36. "Regional Integration and the Environment," (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput), Environmental and Development Economics, 1997.

37. "Preferential Trading and Real Wages," (with S. Suthiwart-Narueput) Review of International Economics 6, No. 3, August 1998.

38. "Preferential Trading and the Myth of Natural Trading Partners," Japan and the World Economy 9, 471-489, 1997.

39. "Trading Preferentially: Theory and Policy," (with Jagdish Bhagwati and David Greenaway), Economic Journal, July 1998, 1128-1148.

40. "Do Transport Costs Justify Regional Preferential Trading Arrangements? No." Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 134(2), 1998, 280-301.

41. "Anti-dumping Duty versus Price Competition," (with Poonam Gupta) World Economy 21(8), 1998, 1003-1019.

42. "The ‘Gains’ from Preferential Trade Liberalization in the CGEs: Where Do They Come From?" (with Rupa Duttagupta), in Sajal Lahiri, ed., Regionalism and Globalization: Theory and Practice, London: Routledge, 2001, 39-60.

43. "Evaluating the Factor-Content Approach to Measuring the Effect of Trade on Wage Inequality," Journal of International Economics 50(1), 2000 (Special Millennium and 50^th Anniversary issue)

44. "Preferential Trade Liberalization: The Traditional Theory and New Developments," Journal of Economic Literature 38, June 2000, 287-331.

45. "Defense and Welfare under Rivalry," (with Hirofumi Shibata) International Economic Review 41(4), November 2000, 951-69.

46. "A Unification of the Second Best Results in International Trade," (with Pravin Krishna) Journal of International Economics 52(2), 235-257, December 2000.

47. "Demand Elasticities in International Trade: Are They Really Low?" (with Shekhar Shah and Deepak Mishra), Journal of Development Economics 64, 2001, 313-342.

48. "On Welfare Enhancing FTAs," (with Pravin Krishna), Journal of International Economics, forthcoming.

49. "Politics of Free Trade Area: Tariffs versus Quotas," (with Rupa Duttagupta) Journal of International Economics, forthcoming.

50. "Cost of Protection: Where do We Stand?" American Economic Review. Papers and Proceedings, May 2002, forthcoming.

1. "The Caste System and Economic Development," Rajasthan Economic Journal, July 1981, 1-15.

2. "India: A New Tiger on the Block?" Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 48, No. 1, Summer 1994, pp. 193-221

3. "What Can We Learn from China's Export Strategy?" Finance and Development, June 1995.

4. "Trade Policy in South Asia," World Economy, May 1999, 353-378.

5. "WTO Trade Policy Review of India, 1998," World Economy, August 1999, 799-824.

6. "The Millennium Budget: Behind Its Time?," Economic and Political Weekly, March 4-10, 2000, 755-758.

7. "India’s Economic Reforms: What has been accomplished? What remains to be done?" EDRC Policy Brief 2, November 2001, Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines

8. "Trade Liberalization in Asia," in Jagdish Bhagwati, ed., Relaxed Reciprocity: Historical and Modern Experience with Unilateral Trade Liberalization, Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press, forthcoming.

9. "India at Doha: Retrospect and Prospect," Economic and Political Weekly 37(4), January 26, 2002, 279-284.

1. "Commodity Exports and Real Income in Africa: A Preliminary Analysis," (with Maurice Schiff) in Chhibber, A. and Fischer, S., eds., Economic Reform in Sub- Saharan Africa, The World Bank, 1991, Published in Spanish under the title "Politica Comercial Exportaciones de Productos Basicos y Bienestar: Teoria y Aplicacion al Cocoa" in Cuadernos de Economia 28, 249-269, August 1991.

2. "Taxes versus Quotas: The Case of Cocoa Exports," (with Maurice Schiff), in Goldin, I. and Winters, A., Open Economies: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture, Cambridge University Press, 1992.

3. "Unraveling the Mysteries of China's Foreign Trade Regime," World Economy, January 1993, 51-68.

4. "Introduction," in "A Symposium on the Economics of Uniform Tariffs," Economic Studies Quarterly, September 1994.

5. "Optimum and Revenue Maximizing Trade Taxes in a Multicountry Framework: Theory and Application to Cocoa," (with Maurice Schiff), Revista de Analisis Economico, June 1995.

6. "The Theory and Practice of Trade Reform: A Public Economics Perspective," (with Shanta Devarajan) in Guillermo Perry, John Whalley and Gary McMohan, eds., Fiscal Reform and Structural Change in Developing Countries, Volume 2, New York: St. Martin’s Press and International Development Research Center, 2000.

7. "Introduction," (with M.G. Quibria and N. Rao) in Arvind Panagariya, Muhamed Quibria and Narhari Rao), eds., The Global Trading System and Developing Asia, December, 1997, 3-44.

8. "TRIPs and the WTO: An Uneasy Marriage," in Bhagwati, J., ed., The Next Negotiating Round: Examining the Agenda for Seattle, Proceedings of the Conference Held at Columbia University, July 23-24, 1999, 291-102, chapter 11.

9. "Free Trade at the Border," in Bhagwati, J., ed., The Next Negotiating Round: Examining the Agenda for Seattle, Proceedings of the Conference Held at Columbia University, July 23-24, 1999, 209-223, chapter 20.

10. "E-Commerce, WTO and Developing Countries," World Economy 23, No. 8, August 2000, 959-978.

11. "Trade-Labor Link: A Post-Seattle Analysis," in Drabek, Zdenek, Globalization under Threat, Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar, 2001,101-123.

12. "Evaluating the Case for Export Subsidies," in David Greenaway, Reanto Flôres and Germán Calfat, ed., Essays in Honor of Mathew Tharakan, forthcoming [available as Policy Research Working Paper 2276, World Bank, January 2000].

13. "Labor Standards and Trade Sanctions: Right End Wrong Means," in Devashish Mitra and Rana Hasan, eds., The Impact of Trade on Labor: Issues, Perspectives, and Experiences from Developing Asia, North Holland, forthcoming.

VII.F Policy Papers: Regionalism (Also see the relevant items under VII.B and VII.C)

1. "Preferential Trading Areas and Multilateralism: Strangers, Friends or Foes?" (with J. Bhagwati), in Bhagwati, J. and Panagariya, A., The Economics of Preferential Trading, Washington, D.C.: AEI Press, 1996, 1-78. Reproduced as chapter 2 in Bhagwati, J., P. Krishna and Arvind Panagariya, eds., Trading Blocs: Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Preferential Trade Agreements, Cambriadge, MA: MIT Press, February 1999.

2. "The Free Trade Area of the Americas: Good for Latin America?," World Economy 19(5), September 1996, 485-515. Reproduced in Milner, Chris, Developing and Newly Industrializing Countries, Volume I, Chelentham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, ch. 17, 375-405.

3. "East Asia and the New Regionalism in World Trade," World Economy, November 1994, 817-839. Reproduced in Milner, Chris, Developing and Newly Industrializing Countries, Volume I, Chelentham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, ch. 15, 341-363.

4. "East Asia: A New Trading Bloc?" Finance and Development, March 1994, 16-19.

5. "Should East Asia Go Regional?" in Lee, Hiro and Roland-Holst, David, Economic Development and Cooperation in the Pacific Basin, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998, ch. 4, 119-154.

6. "Is East Asia Less Open than North America and the European Community? No." (with Sumana Dhar) in Woodland, Alan and John Piggott, eds. International Trade Policy and the Pacific Rim, U.K.: Macmillan Press, 1998, ch. 5, 105-123.

7. "Rethinking the New Regionalism," in John Nash and Wendy Takacs, eds., Trade Policy Reform. Lessons and Implications, Washington, D.C.:World Bank, 1998, 87-145.

8. "The New Regionalism," (with Jaime de Melo) Finance and Development, December 1992, 37-40.

9. "The New Regionalism: A Country Perspective," (with Jaime de Melo and Dani Rodrik) in Jaime de Melo and Arvind Panagariya, ed., New Dimensions in Regional Integration, pp. 159-193, 1993. Also CEPR Discussion Paper #517 and World Bank working paper WPS #1094.

10. "Introduction," (with Jaime de Melo) in New Dimensions in Regional Integration, pp. 159-193, 1993.

11. "L'integration Regionale Hier et Aujourd'hui," (with Jaime de Melo and Claudio Montenegro) Revue Economique du Developpement, February 1993, pp. 7-49. In English, "Regional Integration, Old and New," WPS #985, World Bank.

12. "APEC and the United States," in Woodland, Alan and John Piggott, eds. International Trade Policy and the Pacific Rim, U.K.: Macmillan Press, 1998, ch. 14, 302-318.

13. "The New Regionalism: A Benign or Malign Growth," (with T.N. Srinivasan) in Bhagwati, J. and Hirsch, M., eds., The Uruguay Round and Beyond. Essays in Honor of Arthur Dunkel, Springer-Verlag, May 1998, 221-240.

14. "Preferential Trading and Developing Asia," in Teunissen, J.J., Regional Integration and Multilateral Cooperation in the Global Economy, May 1998, The Hague: FONDAD, 77-92.

15. "An Empirical Estimate of Static Welfare Losses to Mexico from NAFTA," in Panagariya, Arvind, ed., Regionalism in Trade Policy: Essays in Preferential Trading, Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co, September 1999, 215-224.

16. "The Regionalism Debate: An Overview," World Economy, June 1999, 477-511.

17. "Discussion of ‘Regulatory Protectionism, Developing Nations and a Two-tier World Trading System’ by Richard Baldwin," in Collins, Susan and Dani Rodrik, eds., Brookings Forum 2000, Bookings Institution, 2001, 285-289.

18. "Discussion of ‘Is APEC a Building Block or Stumbling Block Towards Trade Liberalization’ by Masahiro Endoh" in Robert M. Stern, ed., Issues and Options for U.S.-Japan Trade Policies, University of Michigan Press, forthcoming.

1. "A Trojan Horse for Africa" (with Jagdish Bhagwati), Financial Times, June 29, 2000.

2. "The Truth about Protectionism" (with Jagdish Bhagwati), Financial Times, March 29, 2001.

1. "India as a Scapegoat: U.S. Action under Super 301," Times of India, June 23, 1989.

2. "Liberalize Consumer Goods Imports," Times of India, July 23, 1994.

3. "The Enron Deal: Cost of Mixing Business with Politics," Times of India, July 1995.

4. "Patent Rights. Tripping on Facts and Falsehoods," Times of India, January 16, 1996.

5. "Curbing Child Labor. Rugmark Label on the Mat," Times of India, November 14, 1996.

Economic Times

1. "SAARC: Follow APEC, not NAFTA," Economic Times, July 29, 1998.

2. "Is India Returning to Protectionism," Economic Times, 19 September 1998.

3. "Full Convertibility: Must We have It?," Economic Times, 28 October 1998.

4. "WTO and Developing Country Interests," Economic Times, December 14, 1998.

5. "Dealing with Investment in WTO," Economic Times, December 28, 1998.

6. "Anti-dumping: Don’t Shoot Ourselves in the Foot," Economic Times, June 30, 1999.

7. "Inside the World of E-commerce," Economic Times, July 28, 1999.

8. "WTO Benefits: ‘Extravagant’ Predictions," Economic Times, August 25, 1999.

9. "Narrowing Down the Seattle Round Agenda," Economic Times, September 22, 1999.

10. "WTO Negotiations: Invest in Research," Economic Times, October 20, 1999.

11. "The Return of Labor Standards into the WTO?," Economic Times, November 17, 1999.

12. "Seattle: Failure without Losers," Economic Times, December 13, 1999.

13. "Millennium Wish: Double-Digit Growth," Economic Times, January 12, 2000.

14. "Yes to IPRs, but not under the WTO," Economic Times, January 26, 2000.

15. "Time to Return to Trade Reform," Economic Times, February 23, 2000.

16. "Consensus Building and Nehru," Economic Times March 29, 2000.

17. "The World Bank under Fire," Economic Times, April 26, 2000.

18. "The Anti-reform Lobby has Got it Wrong," Economic Times, May 24, 2000.

19. "Separating Milk and Water," Economic Times, June 21, 2000.

20. "And Now to Enter the Exit Policy," Economic Times, July 19, 2000.

21. "A Golden Opportunity for India," Economic Times, August 30, 2000.

22. "Bringing Competition to Bureaucracy," Economic Times, September 27, 2000.

23. "Microeconomics Gurus," Economic Times, October 16, 2000.

24. "The New Tyranny of the Auto Industry," Economic Times, October 25, 2000.

25. "Defending Free Trade," Economic Times, November 22, 2000.

26. "Shoe is on the Other Foot," Economic Times, December 20, 2000

27. "Unshackling the Old Economy," Economic Times, January 31, 2001.

28. "Fertilizer Subsidy," Economic Times, February 28, 2001.

29. "Abolish this Monopoly," Economic Times, March 28, 2001

30. "Korean Growth Experience," Economic Times, April 25, 2001.

31. "The Indian Diaspora in the United States," Economic Times, May 23, 2001.

32. "Why did Singapore and Hong Kong Escape Protection?," Economic Times, June 20, 2001.

33. "Savoring a Decade of Reforms," Economic Times, July 18, 2001.

34. "Launching the Qatar Round," Economic Times, August 25, 2001.

35. "Rigid Labor Laws: a Minor Barrier to Growth?," Economic Times, September 26, 2001.

36. "The Market for Lemons," Economic Times, October 16, 2001.

37. "Heed the Words of Wisdom," Economic Times, October 24, 2001.

38. "India Arrives at the WTO," Economic Times, November 21, 2001.

39. "Doha Produced no Winners," Economic Times, November 27, 2001.

40. "Trading Freely in Ideas," Economic Times, December 19, 2001.

41. "Redeem Lat Year’s Promises," Economic Times, January 30, 2002.

42. "Be Bold on Labor," Economic Times, February 26, 2002.

Guest Columns

1. "FTAA: Who Needs It?," (in Spanish and Portuguese), America Economia, 9 April 1998.

2. "Failure in Seattle Dampens Free Trade," Labor Watch, Washington DC: Capital Research center, January 2000.

3. "A Misguided Idea," Hindu, July 10, 2000.

4. "A Vision for 2010," India Today, February 19, 2001, 62-63.

5. "It is the Reforms, Stupid," Outlook, December 17, 2001.

1. "NAFTA has Harmed Cause of Free Trade," Financial Times, 10 May 1995.

2. "Folly of Thinking All Trade is Good," Financial Times, 19 February 1996.

3. "Free Trade Target Date Essential to Remove ‘Spaghetti Bowl’ of Barriers," Financial Times, 25 June 1996 (with Jagdish Bhagwati).

4. "Building Blocks," Economist, 11 January 1997.

5. Opposition to Proliferation of Preferential Trade is Welcome," Financial Times, 8 May 1997 (with Jagdish Bhagwati)

6. "Trading Views," Economist, 26 July 1997.

7. "Integration Can Help Reduce Poverty and Act as Force to End Child Labor," Financial Times September 1, 1999.

8. "WTO: US Demands Threaten Seattle Meeting," Financial Times November 10, 1999.

9. "Poverty reduction Starts with Growth," Financial Times, June 24, 2000.

1. International Trade and Finance: Theory and Policy by Holley Ulbrich. Journal of Finance, June 1984.

2. Regionalism and Rivalry: Japan and the United States in Pacific Asia edited by Jeffrey A. Frankel and Miles Kahler, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993, Finance and Development (with Sethaput Suthiwart-Narueput), June 1994.

3. "Plenty’s Scarcity," review of Eight Lectures on India’s Economic Reforms by T.N. Srinivasan, Oxford University Press, New Delhi: India, 2000, India Today, June 12 2000.

4. "Why Did the Chicken Cross the Globe," review of On the Edge: Living with Global Capitalism edited by Will Hutton and Anthony Giddens, London: Jonathan Cape, Times Higher Education Supplement September 29 2000, p. 30.

5. "A Current Account of Activity," review of The World Bank: Structure and Policies edited by Christopher Gilbert and David Vines, London: Cambridge University Press, Times Higher Education Supplement, February 16, 2001, p. 33.

VIII. Papers Submitted for Publication

1. "Free Trade Areas and Rules of Origin: Economics and Politics" (with Rupa Duttagupta), International Economic Review.

2. "South Asia: Does Preferential Trade Liberalization Make Sense?" World Economy.

3. "Injury Investigations and the Super-Additivity Effect: A Theoretical Explanation (with Poonam Gupta), Journal of International Economics.

IX. Unpublished Papers:

1. "The Uniform Tariff Issue: Academic versus Policy Economists," Department of Economics, University of Maryland, Center for International Economics Working paper #30, March 1997.

2. "Administrative Costs, Optimal Taxation, and the Tax Base." Working Paper No. 88-45, Dept. of Econ., Univ. of Maryland.

3. "Export Demand and Supply Elasticities for Selected Industrial Countries, 1970-1983," (with A.V.L. Narayana).

4. "Smuggling and Enforcement in an Economy with Endogenous Illegal Trade" (with L. Martin), February 1986.

5. "Monopoly and Devaluation: A General Equilibrium Analysis" (with R. Owen), undated.

6. "Trade Reform in China: Lessons for India," October 1993.

7. "In Memoriam: A Eulogy to the Payments Union for Former Soviet Republics." 1993.

8. "Technology and Wage Inequality in North and South," Department of Economics, University of Maryland, Center for International Economics, mimeo.

9. "Bhagwati and Ramaswami: Why it is a Classic" Department of Economics, Center for International Economics, mimeo, January 1999.

10. "Trade Openness: Consequences for the Elasticity of Demand for Labor and Wage Outcomes," Department of Economics, Center for International Economics, mimeo, January 1999.

11. "The Millennium Round and developing Countries: Negotiating Strategies and Areas of Benefits," September 1999, UNCTAD and Center for International Development, G-24 Discussion Papers Series, No. 1, March 2000.

12. "Injury Investigations and the Super-Additivity Effect: A Theoretical Explanation (with Poonam Gupta), mimeo.