A: a causal relationship
Incorrect.
To establish a causal relationship, we must manipulate
one variable (an independent variable) and see changes in another variable
(a dependent variable). In Choice A, what we are doing is measuring
the amount of TV children watch and correlating this information with children's
level of aggression. All this information can tell is that the two
are positively related, but this relation could be caused by other factors,
such as the parents' level of aggression. The relationship could
also work the other way, such that more violent children prefer violent
TV shows.